How many factors are there in determining someone's survivability in cold water?

• A. Three
• B. Four
• C. Five
• D. Six

Answer: (D)

Survivability in cold water depends on several interacting elements, six of which are especially important. They are: the water temperature and how long you’re exposed, which determine how quickly heat is lost and hypothermia can develop; protective clothing and insulation, which reduce heat loss and keep core temperature higher; buoyancy or flotation capability, which affect how easily you stay afloat and conserve energy; your physical condition and energy reserves, which influence how long you can stay active and resist fatigue; your ability to stay calm and control breathing, which helps prevent panic and unnecessary heat loss; and your proximity to rescue or ability to signal for help, which determines how quickly you’re found and aided. These six factors work together to determine overall survivability; if any one is unfavorable, the chances of surviving the cold water decrease.